Polypropylene (PP) wani ƙari ne na thermoplastic da aka yi daga haɗin propylene monomers.Yana da aikace-aikace da yawa, gami da fakitin samfuran mabukaci, sassan filastik don masana'antar kera motoci, da masaku.Masana kimiyyar Kamfanin Mai na Philip Paul Hogan da Robert Banks sun fara kera polypropylene a shekarar 1951, sannan daga baya masana kimiyyar Italiya da Jamus Natta da Rehn suma suka yi polypropylene.Natta ya kammala kuma ya haɗa samfurin farko na polypropylene a cikin Spain a cikin 1954, kuma ƙarfinsa na crystallization ya haifar da sha'awa sosai.A shekara ta 1957, shaharar polypropylene ya karu, kuma an fara samar da kasuwanci mai yawa a cikin Turai.A yau, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin robobi da aka fi amfani da su a duniya.
Akwatin magani da aka yi da PP tare da murfi
A cewar rahotanni, halin da ake ciki a duniya na buƙatar kayan PP ya kai kimanin tan miliyan 45 a kowace shekara, kuma an kiyasta cewa buƙatar za ta karu zuwa kimanin tan miliyan 62 a karshen 2020. Babban aikace-aikacen PP shine masana'antun marufi, wanda ke samar da marufi. yana da kusan kashi 30% na yawan amfani.Na biyu shine kera wutar lantarki da kayan aiki, wanda ke cinye kusan kashi 26%.Kayan aikin gida da masana'antar mota kowanne yana cin kashi 10%.Masana'antar gine-gine suna cinye kashi 5%.
PP yana da shimfidar wuri mai santsi, wanda zai iya maye gurbin wasu samfuran filastik, irin su gears da pads na POM.Filaye mai santsi kuma yana da wahala ga PP don mannewa da sauran saman, wato, PP ba za a iya haɗa shi da mannen masana'antu ba, kuma wani lokacin dole ne a haɗa shi ta hanyar walda.Idan aka kwatanta da sauran robobi, PP kuma yana da halaye na ƙananan ƙima, wanda zai iya rage nauyi ga masu amfani.PP yana da kyakkyawan juriya ga abubuwan kaushi na halitta kamar maiko a zafin jiki.Amma PP yana da sauƙin oxidize a babban zafin jiki.
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan fa'idodin PP shine kyakkyawan aikin sa na sarrafawa, wanda za'a iya samuwa ta hanyar gyare-gyaren allura ko sarrafa CNC.Alal misali, a cikin akwatin magani na PP, an haɗa murfi zuwa jikin kwalban ta hanyar maɗaurin rai.Ana iya sarrafa akwatin kwaya kai tsaye ta hanyar gyaran allura ko CNC.Ƙaƙwalwar rayayyun da ke haɗa murfin takarda ce ta filastik sirara, wanda za'a iya lankwasa akai-akai (motsawa cikin matsanancin kewayon kusa da digiri 360) ba tare da karye ba.Ko da yake madaurin rai da aka yi da PP ba zai iya ɗaukar nauyin ba, yana da matukar dacewa da kwalban kwalban kayan yau da kullum.
Wani fa'idar PP ita ce ana iya haɗa shi cikin sauƙi tare da wasu polymers (kamar PE) don samar da robobi masu haɗaka.Copolymer yana canza kaddarorin kayan sosai, kuma yana iya cimma aikace-aikacen injiniya mai ƙarfi idan aka kwatanta da PP mai tsabta.
Wani aikace-aikacen da ba a iya ƙididdigewa shi ne cewa PP na iya aiki azaman kayan filastik da kayan fiber.
Abubuwan da ke sama suna nufin cewa ana iya amfani da PP a aikace-aikace da yawa: faranti, trays, kofuna, jakunkuna, kwantena filastik da yawa da kayan wasa da yawa.
Mafi mahimmancin halayen PP sune kamar haka:
Juriya na sinadaran: Diluted alkalis da acid ba su amsa tare da PP, wanda ya sa ya zama akwati mai kyau don irin wannan ruwa (kamar kayan wankewa, kayan agaji na farko, da dai sauransu).
Ƙarfafawa da taurin kai: PP yana da elasticity a cikin wani nau'i na juyawa, kuma za a yi amfani da nakasar filastik ba tare da fashewa a farkon matakin nakasawa ba, don haka yawanci ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin abu "tauri".Tauri kalma ce ta injiniya da aka ayyana azaman ikon abu don nakasa (nakasar filastik maimakon nakasar roba) ba tare da karye ba.
Juriya ga gajiya: PP yana riƙe da siffarsa bayan yawancin karkatarwa da lankwasa.Wannan fasalin yana da mahimmanci musamman don yin hinges masu rai.
Insulation: PP abu yana da babban juriya kuma abu ne mai rufewa.
Transmittance: Ana iya sanya shi ya zama launi mai haske, amma yawanci ana sanya shi cikin launi mara kyau na halitta tare da wani nau'in watsa launi.Idan ana buƙatar babban watsawa, ya kamata a zaɓi acrylic ko PC.
PP thermoplastic ne mai narkewa mai kusan 130 digiri Celsius, kuma ya zama ruwa bayan ya kai wurin narkewa.Kamar sauran thermoplastics, PP za a iya mai tsanani da kuma sanyaya akai-akai ba tare da gagarumin lalacewa.Saboda haka, PP za a iya sake yin fa'ida kuma a sauƙaƙe dawo da shi.
Akwai manyan nau'ikan guda biyu: homopolymers da copolymers.Copolymers an kara rarraba zuwa toshe copolymers da bazuwar copolymers.Kowane rukuni yana da aikace-aikace na musamman.Ana kiran PP sau da yawa a matsayin kayan "karfe" na masana'antar filastik, saboda ana iya yin ta ta hanyar ƙara abubuwan da ke cikin PP, ko kuma ana yin su ta hanya ta musamman, ta yadda za a iya gyara PP da kuma daidaitawa don saduwa da bukatun aikace-aikace na musamman.
PP don amfanin masana'antu gabaɗaya shine homopolymer.Block copolymer PP yana ƙara da ethylene don inganta juriya mai tasiri.Ana amfani da bazuwar copolymer PP don yin ƙarin ductile da samfurori masu haske
Kamar sauran robobi, yana farawa ne daga “ƙasassun” (ƙungiyoyi masu sauƙi) waɗanda aka kafa ta hanyar distillation na gas na hydrocarbon kuma suna haɗuwa tare da wasu masu haɓaka don samar da robobi ta hanyar polymerization ko halayen haɓaka.
PP 3D bugu
Ba za a iya amfani da PP don bugu na 3D a cikin nau'in filament ba.
PP CNC aiki
Ana amfani da PP don sarrafa CNC a cikin takarda.Lokacin yin samfura na ƙananan adadin sassan PP, yawanci muna yin mashin ɗin CNC akan su.PP yana da ƙananan zafin jiki na annealing, wanda ke nufin yana da sauƙin lalacewa ta hanyar zafi, don haka yana buƙatar babban matakin fasaha don yanke daidai.
PP allura
Kodayake PP yana da kaddarorin Semi-crystalline, yana da sauƙi a siffata saboda ƙarancin ɗanɗanowar ɗanɗano da ƙarancin ruwa mai kyau.Wannan fasalin yana inganta saurin saurin abin da kayan ya cika m.Matsakaicin raguwa na PP yana da kusan 1-2%, amma zai bambanta saboda dalilai da yawa, ciki har da matsa lamba, riƙe lokaci, zafin jiki na narkewa, kauri na bangon ƙirƙira, zafin jiki, da nau'in da kashi na additives.
Baya ga aikace-aikacen filastik na al'ada, PP kuma ya dace sosai don yin zaruruwa.Irin waɗannan samfuran sun haɗa da igiya, kafet, kayan kwalliya, tufafi, da sauransu.
Menene fa'idodin PP?
PP yana da sauƙin samuwa kuma yana da arha.
PP yana da babban ƙarfin sassauƙa.
PP yana da ingantacciyar ƙasa mai santsi.
PP yana tabbatar da danshi kuma yana da ƙarancin sha ruwa.
PP yana da tsayayyar sinadarai mai kyau a cikin acid da alkalis daban-daban.
PP yana da juriya mai kyau na gajiya.
PP yana da ƙarfin tasiri mai kyau.
PP ne mai kyau lantarki insulator.
●PP yana da babban adadin haɓakar haɓakar thermal, wanda ke iyakance aikace-aikacen zafi mai zafi.
PP yana da saurin lalacewa ta hanyar haskoki na ultraviolet.
PP yana da ƙarancin juriya ga chlorinated kaushi da aromatic hydrocarbons.
PP yana da wuya a fesa a saman saboda ƙarancin mannewa.
PP yana da ƙonewa sosai.
● PP yana da sauƙin oxidize.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-27-2023